Hydraulic valve actuating mechanism



Sept. 13, 1932. w. NOBLE 1,876;735

HYDRAULIC VALVE ACTUATI'NG MECHANISI Filed June 26, 1928 Patented Sept.13, 1932 WARREN NOBLE, or' nnrnorr, momen: i

HYDRAULIC VALVE Ac'rua'rr'ne Mrz-camisa:

Application led June 26,

i This invention relates to hydraulic valve actuating mechanisms and hasfor 1ts-ob)ect to provide an automatic air relief orbleed valve for suchmechanisml which ywill open for bleeding or air relief under normalpressures such as that resulting from a fluid supply pump operating tomaintain a. column of fluid in a hydraulic valve mechanism, and whichwill close under the influence of heavier pressures such as result whenthe hydraulic valve mechanism is in operation and the hydraulicallyoperated valve 1s open. Under the latter condition hydraulic pressure inthe mechanism may reach several hundred pounds whereas the supplypressure may be, say or 30 pounds. Thus the air relief or bleed valve isintended to permit relief flow from the hydraulic valve actuatingmechanism at such lower pressure and prevent relief flow at such higherpressure.

A better understandingof the invention will be had with reference to theaccompanying drawing wherein one of my improved valve actuatingmechanisms is shown, by way of example, and in which Figure 1 is asectional view thru a hydraulic valve system, distorted for purposes oclarity. y .o Y

Figure 2 shows a modification of the relief valve of Figure 1. Y v

Figure 3 shows a further modification of the relief valve.

Referring more particularly'to the drawing: v y

i Numeral 1 refers to an engine cam adapted to operate a plunger` 2through contact with a roller 3 carried bythe plunger. cylinder 4 havinga fluidi'nlet port 5 contains plunger 2 its upper end, above the maximumelevation point of said plunger, a` reduced portion 6 into whichisixedly positioned a fluid line 7.

Abuttingthe end of line 7 and the top of plunger 2 is a spring 8 whichaids in returningplunger 2 to its normal position after each` actuationby cam 1. The upper end of line 7 is `iXedly positioned in a chamber 9fashioned in the cylinder head of engine and 5o which has projectingtherein va plunger orl For seat 19 I provide a in sliding engagement andhas at highest point 'y' pipe line SOleading into a casing emb 1928.Serial No. 288,482.

valve stem head 10 of apuppet valve. The puppet valve may be returnedafter actuation -in the conventional manner by a spring 11 abuttingspring housing 12 and collar 13 on said valve.y f

Chamber 9 is closed at its end `by a wall13,

which has a passa eway 14 .through its topmost portion whie is also theregion of air accumulation. Passage 14 communicates 'with a cylindricalportion 15 having a port 16 thru a wall thereof and a cylindrical 'memflber 17 carrying a plurality of valve seats 18 and 19 fitted therein.Cylinder 17 hasa port 2() through the side thereof overl ing port 16 andheld in position by. a loc insertedin the end of cylinder 1.5.

Seated on valve seat 18 is a valve 22 having a stop 23 thereon to abutwall 13 .and prevent excess outward displacement'of the valve-22 fromits seat. The stem of valve 22 is in the form of a hollow cylinder andthe end thereof slidably engages a cylindrical cut-out portion 24 ofscrew 21, utilizing said cut-out portion as a uide. Within the hollowstem of provide 'a spiral spring y25 Vwhich abuts screw 21 and which isof such strength as to retain valve 22 in openposition against the fluidpressure of the supply pump, or of plunger under motion from the'enginestarter, but which will permit valve 22 to promptly close under thegreater pressure set up by plun er v2 undera cam impulse after the'starting'of the engine. l

valve 26 havin a hollow cylindricalinterior which is slidaly fitted overthe stem vof valve 22.' Valve 26 is A held seated by a spring 27 of lessstrength than spring 24, so that it may open under pressure from thefluid supply pump. Thus, ableed for air and oil is provided' from the inthe system whichwill permit a free flowltherethru at all times exceptduring periods of ypuppet valve actuation.

Air andl oil which flows past the reliefvalves` escapes thru ports 16and 20 into'casing 12, where it is returned by a pipe line 28 to themain source of fluid supply 29.

Leading upwardl 29 which maybe t e engine oil pump, is a Odymg cis` fromthelluid reservoir i said outlets is leads into casing 2 substantiallyin the plane periods of engine idleness. The 1G fr which leads which iscontrolled by a` checkvalve 37 hav 'Sum slowly `under actuation -by bothl flow may be had therepast and out thru ports .a gear pump31. A pumpoutlet line 32 leads into a casin 33 having two outlets. One of by wayof a. pipe line 34 which of the top of the-plunger 2, when the plungeris in norma-l position, and supplies the hydraulic slyste'm with fluid.A non-return checkva ve 35 prevents back flowduring line 36 om casing 35is by Way of a pipe `back into the reservoir 29 and ing a spring 38adjustably compressed b -a u. screw 39 which is of a strength less thant at of springs 24 but more than that of the s ring in check valve 35.vvThus during ordinary remain en- But if the pump 31 shoul deliversuilcient pressure to otherwise close valve 22 and hence tend to' openthepuppet valve, valve 37 4will first unseat thereby relieving thepressure-on thesystem.

Figure 2 vshows a lmodification of relief valve 19-20of a somewhatsimpler design. In this t pe, an outlet passagewa 14 leads into a cyindrical portion whic has positioned therein al double valve seat havingcylindrical sidewalls 17- for enga screw 21 whereby the seat is rigidlyheldin such a position as to permit a port 16 thru the walls thereof Itooverlie a port thru the walls of cylinderA 15. Supported in acylindrical cutout guide portion' 24 of screw 21 isa valvestem 40 havingrigidly attached thereto twovalve heads 41 and 42 for engagement byvalve seats 18 and 19. A spring 43 in abutting engagement with screw 21retains valve head 42 seated.` Spring 43 is of such strength as to beinfluenced by uid presin gear pump 3 and by plunger pressure instarting, but not to such extent as to permit the seating of head 41onits seat. The strength is such, then, to rmit yprompt seating o -valvehead 41 un er pressure greater than' that of the supply pump as underplunger. action under a cam impulse after engine operation and whenplunger 2 .moves a starting means valve heads will be unseated'so that a16 and 20'.

w Figure 3 shows 'a still simpler modification` in which I useessentially the valve of Figure 1 omitting valve 26., In this form'Iprovide a valve 44 whose normal position is unseated l ,s under theaction. of a spring 45 of such strength starting but-immediatelyresponsive to pressures in excess thereof. I thus provide a means for acontinuous bleed from the region of air accumulation except duringperiods of puppet valve actuation. f

important feature of the relief valves other outlet matic simply inorder to facilitate tionof the'operation of themechanisin.

-- ,1. `In a `hydraulic actuator,

ement `by al said outlet during as to be unaffected by pressure from asupply pump orto plunger pressure during' also resides in the fact thatthey are so in- Y sertable in the casing as to be readily dismounted forreplacement or repair Without disturbance or removal of any other partof the engine.

Herein and in the claims, th e termloper ating pressure is intended t6lvrefer to the high pressure on hydraulic fluid in the casing when thepuppet valveis open and the h draulic valve operating he considered asactive. l Wliile I havey specilically described my invention withreference to the dra which are exemplary only of the wide lield ofmodimechanisin may fications which my broad idea will iminediately openup, I desire to be limited in the application and construction thereofonly by the scope of the appended claims.

Further the invention resides in the bleed orrelief valve the form ofinlet 5 and the type of plunger 2 are more or less diagramdescrip What Iclaim is:

-a hydraulic fluid` casing having a bleed outlet leading from a point ofair accumulation therein, a valve closing said outlet underthe influenceof valve operating pressure in said casing, and means slightly unseatingsaid valve when pressure in said casing is relatively low.

V2. In a hydraulic valve gear, a hydraulic l fluid casin having anoutlet therefrom, a double vave closin periods of relatively ligh andrelatively low pressure in said casing.

3. In a h draulic valve gear, a hydraulic fluid casingliaving an outletfrom a region of air accumulation, a double valve having one headclosing said outlet under the inlluence of valve operatingpressure insaid casing and another head closing said outlet 'during periods ofvrelatively low pressure in said casing. 4. The combination as set forthin claim 3, both of said valve heads unseating during the periods ofpressure -in said 'casingless than puppet valve actuating pressure andgreater than the periods of relatively low pressure in said casing.

5. In an engine, a hydraulic valve system, an outlet'from said system,iifeans closing actuation periods of said system, and means closing saidoutlet during .periods of engine idleness, both of said means uncoveringsaid outlet during periods of fluid 'replenishment of said system. A 6.In a hydraulic'valve gear,a fluid easingl having an end wall and anoutletfrom the top of said wall, 'a relief valve in said outlet"outwardly of said wall, means for unseating said valve durn periods oflow pressure in said casing an means for limiting the amount ofdisplacement of said valve toward.

said wall.l

said outlet during ico CTL

seat thereon inserted in said spillway andV means demountable from theexterior of said casing for retaining said cylindrical member in fixedposition.

8. In a hydraulic valve gear, a fluid casing having an outlet from aregion of air accumulation, a detachable valve seat in said outlet ihaving extended walls and a drain port thru said walls overlying acorresponding port 1n said casing, a valve for said valve seat, alocknut for said valve seat independently detachable from the exteriorof said casing, a valve stem guide in said nut and spring means abuttingsaid nut and urging said valve outwardly therefrom.

9. In a hydraulic valve gear, a fluid casing having an outlet passagefrom a region of air accumulation therein, a demountable cylinder havinga double valve seat inserted in said outlet passage, a locknut' for saidcylinder having a valve guide therein, a valve stem in said guide havinga valve head for seating on one of said valve seats, a second valveembracing the stem of said first valve andseating on the other of 4saidvalve seats and s ring means of different strength for each o saidvalves. p

10.A The combination as set forth in claim 9, wherein the lspring meansfor said first mentioned valve is the stronger and urges 'A' said valveaway from its seat and the other Wards its seat.l

of said springs urges said second valve to- 11. In a hydraulic valvegear, aihydraulic fluid casing, an inlet and an outlet for said fcasing, a relief valve 1n said outlet, a fluid pressure means for saidinlet, and a pressure relief valve in the inlet passage more sensitiveto pressure than said lirst mentioned valve.

12. In a hydraulic valve gear, a hydraulic fluid casing, an outlet fromsaid casing` a double valve in said casing, a fluid supply line to saidcasing having a pressure relief valve therein, one member of said doublevalve being more sensitive to fluid pressure than said pressure reliefvalve, the other member of said double valve being less sensitive topressure than said pressure relief valve.

13. In an engine, a hydraulic valve gear having a hydraulic fluidcasing, an outlet for said casing having a double valve therein, onemember of said valve seating during periods of engine idleness, theother member of said valve being inserted during periods of engineidleness, said seated member being adapted to open under slight pressurein said casing, said unseated member being adapted to seat under greaterpressure in said casing.

fluid pressure supply whereby a scavenging flow of fluid thru saidchamber is initiated, an actuating and an actuated plunger exposed tothe fluid in said chamber for inducing and receiving pulsationsbf saidfluid, an outlet passage from a region of air accumulation in saidchamber and an outlet valve controlling bleeding of air thru saidpassage, said valve closing upon a rise lin pressure of lluid in saidchamber beyond the` predetermined amount employed for scaven ing.

`15. In an engine', t e combination of valve operating mechanism, valvemechanism, a chamber into lwhich portions of said mechanism project,a'vbody of fluid in the chamber for eecting operation of the valvemechanismupon actuation of the valve operating mechanism, sai'dchamberbeing provided with a fluidl inlet and a fluid outlet, valves for saidinlet and outlet, and means for causing a flow of fluid under pressurefrom said inlet to said outletto replenish the fluid supply, said valvesbeing normally open for bleeding air during periods of normal scavengingpressureon said fluid and closed during periods of pressure increase insaid chamber beyond said scavenging pressure.

16. In a hydraulic valve gear operable under pulsating pressures, afluidvchamber adapted for communication with a source of fluid pressuresupply 'Wherebya scavenging

